By Dr. Hanna Kinsella – founder of Kiln Lane Dental Clinic and Icy Bear Dental Care.
A child’s smile goes through many changes from infancy to adolescence, and each phase of dental development plays a vital role in their long-term health. As a parent, knowing what to expect and how to support each stage helps build the foundations for a healthy, confident future.
Infant to Toddler: The First Teeth
Teething usually begins around six months of age, though some children start earlier or later. By the age of three, most children will have a full set of 20 baby teeth, also known as milk teeth. These early teeth are more than just a temporary feature. They are essential for chewing, speech development, facial growth, and they also guide the placement of adult teeth.
Even before the first tooth erupts, it’s beneficial to clean your baby’s gums with a soft, damp cloth after feeding. As soon as teeth begin to appear, introduce brushing twice a day using a small toothbrush and a smear of fluoride toothpaste. These early habits help your child get used to oral care and establish a routine that will carry into later childhood.
The Mixed Dentition Stage: Ages 5 to 12
Around age five or six, children begin losing their baby teeth and gaining permanent ones. This phase, known as the mixed dentition stage, often lasts until age 12 or so. The process can bring excitement or anxiety, depending on your child’s temperament. Loose teeth and mild discomfort are common, and it helps to reassure your child that this is a normal part of growing up.
During this stage, permanent teeth are especially vulnerable to decay because their enamel is not yet fully hardened. Continued brushing twice a day with fluoride toothpaste is essential, along with regular flossing and dental check-ups. Parental supervision during brushing should continue until you’re confident your child can clean all areas effectively on their own.
Identifying Orthodontic Concerns
As permanent teeth begin to settle into place, orthodontic issues may become more noticeable. Crowding, spacing, or bite problems can develop gradually and may not always be obvious. This is why many dental professionals recommend an orthodontic assessment around the age of seven. Early evaluation allows monitoring and timely intervention if needed, even if no immediate treatment is required.
Teen Years: Reinforcing Responsibility
By the early teenage years, most children have their full set of adult teeth. At this point, reinforcing personal responsibility for oral hygiene is key. Brushing for two minutes, twice daily, and flossing every day should be part of the daily routine. A diet low in sugary snacks and acidic drinks also helps protect enamel and prevents long-term damage.
Encouraging regular dental check-ups during these years keeps your child’s oral health on track and helps catch any emerging issues early. Teenagers involved in contact sports should also be fitted for custom mouthguards to protect their teeth from injury.
Making Oral Care Enjoyable
A positive attitude toward dental care can go a long way in encouraging children to maintain good habits. Choosing the right oral care products helps make the experience more enjoyable and age-appropriate. A child-friendly toothpaste with a flavour they enjoy, combined with effective protection, can motivate reluctant brushers.
One example is my Icy Bear Kids Polar Paste, which is suitable from six months and up. With its fun bubblegum flavour and dentist-approved fluoride levels, it’s designed to protect both milk and adult teeth while making brushing something children can actually look forward to.
A Lifelong Smile Starts Early
Supporting your child’s changing smile doesn’t have to be complicated. With a little knowledge, consistency, and encouragement, you can help them form habits that last well beyond childhood. By understanding each stage and adapting your support as they grow, you’re helping to build the foundation for a healthy, confident smile that lasts a lifetime.
About the expert
Dr. Hanna Kinsella holds a BDS and MEDS from Edinburgh and an MSc in Prosthodontics. She is the founder of Kiln Lane Dental Clinic and Icy Bear Dental Care. In addition to her impressive credentials, Hannah is also a familiar face from ITVBe’s popular reality series, The Real Housewives of Cheshire. With a strong online following, she is dedicated to upholding the highest standards of care at her clinic and with the products offered at Icy Bear Dental Care. Icy Bear Dental Care is a luxury at-home whitening brand that elevates dental care. Founded by Dr. Kinsella, the brand is committed to being palm oil free, SLS free, and cruelty free, ensuring a responsible approach to beauty and wellness.
